Internal-combustion engine



A. J. WEST l INTERAL oomusrma ENGINE Filed-Ferl. 21, 1924 4 sheets-'sheet 5 oct. 5 1926. l1,602,090

ylNvENToR'l Jepha/ wat.

ATTORNEY 4 sheets-sheet 4' A. J. WEST INVENTOR NTERNAL oMBUsfi'loN ENG'LNE Filed Fem 21, 1924 m4 Ike/san @ai Il'lllllllli' latent'ed @et 5, 1923. l UNlT ARTHUR JACKSON WEST, 4F BETHLEHEIVI, ENEYLVANIA, ,LSSIGTG DO BETHLEHEM l STEEL COMPANY, OFBETHLEHEM, I?ENNSYITAIUA..v

INTERNAL-CGMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application tiled Efebruary 2l, 1924. Serial No. 694,231.

This application is a continuation in par@ sulting in internal stresses and possible with respcctto suhjcct'matter divided trom `brealnne or cracking 'ot par@ Cyjmqrs v my application, Serial No. 422,753, lled vhave frequently failed owing t0 1305519155 Nov. 9,1920. weakening of: the material thereof Where 5 My invention relates to internal combusinost highly heated due to the fact. that the 60 tion engines' more particularly toJ engines designs were such as nnot to perinltbf the of the slow-burning,l or Diesel type, and it degree of cooling which l attain with my has for an object to provide a unita-ry conimproved construction. In my application struction of valves whereby a good design aforesaid, l disclose and claim a type of enof engine cylinder maybe provided for. gine cylinder wnih is symmetrical in del5 A further object of my invention ist@ sign2 that is, it is generallybottle-shaped in provide a valve cage for an engine which outline and` has an annular overhanging shall include co-axially arranged scavengre jacket member connected to the upper end of air and tuelinjection valves, which are `inthe cylinder. The contracted vcombustion dependent of each other in operation. space is advantageous Wfor the reasons that, T0

A hfurther object of my invention. is to for the same volume, greater area in stress provide a hollow` valve cago which is genis provided and, thereore, greater capacity orally cylindrical in ,form, the cage being to stand uplunder 'hightemperatures existsI provided. with a Vvalve seat at vits loverend compared to an engine having a bore 9.0 and the cage having a centrally depending which is cylindrical throughout. Another u stern, together with a scavenge air valvesliddesirable feature of my improved. type of ably arranged with respect to the stem and engine cylinder is the entire absence of ports with a fuel injection valve arranged interiand passages in the head Aend for valves, the orly o the stern. interior. of the neck portion of my improved l A further object o my invention is to cylinder beingr adapted to receive a valve provide a. valve cage for an engine having cage, the latter containing the scavenge air,

an annular scavenge air valve lsurrounding fuel injection, air startingya'nd pressure rea tubular housing which contains the Jfuel lief and testing valves. 'The Water jacket injection valve. l comprised in' part by the annular overhang- A further object of my invention is to proinnr member extends Well above the lower vide a valve cage-construction for an engine end of the cage and the scavenge air valve having co-arrially arranged Afuel injection is so arranged as to discharge an annular and scavcnge air valves, together with air column of air whose outside passes in constarting and testingr vand relief valves distact with the daring interior surface ofthe 3.5 posed laterally of the scavenge air and the contract-ed combustion space, whereby the 90 injection valves. Y rvall of the contracted combustion space,

A further object ,of my invention is to which is-the most highly heated portion of .provide a valve cage construction for an in'- 'the cylinder Wall, is eectively cooled by tei-nal combustion engine having -watercooling Water on the outside and by scaveng- 40 cooled seats for the scavenge air and fuel ing air interiorly. The scavenging air is not 9B injection valves. only discharged into a diverging annular A further object of my invention is to procolumn hut is uniformly dispersed or dif- .ride a dome-shaped scavenge valve-(thereby ius-ed throughout the engine cylinder Wheremakingr it more durable. l by products of combustion are effectively As set forth more particularly in in v'ap expelled through exhaust ports arranged 100 plication aforesaid, the two-cycle typev of near the lower end. Itwill, therefore, be slow-burning or Diesel engine has-heretofore seenthat my improved valve cage arrange.

" not been entirely satisactoryowinfr to partsc ment containing all. of the necessary valves oi the cylinder, particularly the wall porfou-an engine cylinder is particularly desir` tion surrounding the initial comlnistion-'ahle with the design of cylinder disclosed 10l` space. becoming ovcrhcatcd. Also such .and claimed in my application aforesaid.

prior constructions have .usually incorpo- My valve arrangement includes co-axial rated cylinders of unsymmctricul,- desigz 'fuel and scuv e valves which are indewhcrehy expansion and contraction could pendent in struc ure and operation. This is b5 not take place in a symmotricalmanucr, rean important improvement over the prior Il..

llo

inventionis illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this application, 1n which:

Figure 1 1s a sectlonal view of a portlon of an engine showing fragmentarily my improved valve cage; y

Figure 2 is a sectional view of a valve cage with the scavenge valve and stem construction sho-wn in elevation;

Figure is a sectionalview of my valve cage land valves;

Figure 4 is a fragmentary view showing.

a preferred form lof atomizer also shown in Figures 3 and 7;- f g Figure 5 is a detail view of one of the atomzing elements shown in Figures 3, 4 an f Figiire 6 is a detail view showing fied form of atominer;

Figures 7 to l0, inclusive, are detail views, Fig. 9 being a section along vthe line IX-YIX of Fig..7, showing my improved cooling arrangement for the lower end'of thecentral stem structure, and Fig. 7 showing my preferred type of atomizing construction.

Referring now to the drawings for a detailed description of my invention, in Figure 1, I showan internal combustion engine includng a. crank casing 10 having bearings 11 tor supporting a crank shaft 12. Frame members 13 'are arranged above' the lcrank casing and they support tabular members 14 a modihaving openings 14 to receive cylinders 15 u annular scavenge air valve 32 1s moved away having pistons 17 therein connected to connecting rods 18 which engage the crank shaft. a. l

The engine cylinders 15 are generally bottle-shaped in outline, that is, each cylinder comprises a cylindrical bore portion 19 a fiaring portion 20 above the cylindrical bore portion and a neck portion/2l, the outer end o'tthe neck portion being connected to an overhanging jacket member 22 .which is adapted to rest upon and be connected to the tabular support 14. A jacket member 23 1s arranged contguously to the lower end of the overh angina' member 22 and such jacket member is telescopically arranged with re- Aspect to an upstanding jacket portion 24 in:

"tegral with and surrounding the lowerend .fof the cylindrical bore portion 19. The engine construction andthe design of cylindersso far described are disclosed and claimed in luy-application aforesaid and a further de- `scription thereof is deemed Ato be unnecessary. l t v Each neck portion 2l is provided interior- 'dash-pot effect to such closing.

ly with a shoulder 25 ,upon which is adapted to rest' a hollow valvev cage 26, the latter having near its upper end an outwardly-extending fiange 27.A -The flange 27 is adapted to be bolted to the c 7linder head by bolts 28 '70 ('F-ig. 3) therebyo amping an air supply chamber 29. between the lange 27 and the head of the cylinder.

The valve cage is hollow andfit has la lateral inlet means 30 in communication with 75 the alr'supply chamber 29 and it terminates at its lower en'd in a valve seat 31 for a scavenge air 'valve 32 to be described. The cage 26 is provided with'a cover 33 f which has secured thereto a cylindrical stemy 80 orsleeve member 34..(Fig. 3) ,ipreferably'arranged co-axially with respect' to the cage. 'Near its lower endthe cage is provided interiorly Awith a bearing35. 'The scavenge air valvel32 surrounds the sleeve member 34 S5 and it isgprovided with a sleeve extension 36 which slidably engages the bearing and has a fluid tight fit with respect to the lower end of the sleeve 34, any suitable packing 37 being used for this purpose. At its upper 9U end, the sleeve extension-36 oi the scavenge air valve is connected to a piston member 33 fitting within a cylinder portion 39 of the cage, a spring 40 being arranged below the piston and abuttinga shoulder 4 1 carried by 95 the bearing 35.` lofl members43 are connected-to the-piston and extend above the latter and through opening-44 in the cover 33, the rod members having fluid tight piston .portions 45 fitting the openings to pre- 10i frornitsseatdue to the action of the levers 4.6 oper5atingfon fthe rods 43 to push the piston 38 down", thereby .compressing the spring 110 40. Assoon'as the lever46 is free to move in the opposite direction the spring 40 is efective to move the scaveuge air valve 32 in a closing direction, the piston 38 giving a 115 As may be seen from F igure, the scav-` enge valve 32 is dome-shaped ifi-order tom produce a. valve of requisite strength while4 at the same timeavoiding undue thickness. In practice it has beenfound that a scavenge valve comprised by a Harige portion extending radially lfrom the sleeve 36 would not stand-pp but would rupture in the.' vieinityyof the sleeve 36. A dome-shaped. valve, such as illustrated, was therefore devised with the, result that a very durable onstruction has been obtained. This may be explained genorally on thebasis that a flat valve is submitted tothe cumulative effect of parallel forces acting lengthwise oitlie engine cyhnmossos der, Whereas the dome-shaped valve, being substantially an element of e, sphere, is submitted to radially acting forces which stress the material more uniformly Without undue concentration of stresses and eonseqrient rupture as occurs with the liet type o valve.

lo order that the bearing portion of the scavenge sir valve moy be properly iubri cated, l show s lubricant supply conduit 47 which communicates with. a port 4S ie,v the A sleeve 49 is arranged interiorly of the sleeve member 3l. and s velve stem 50 is arranged-interiorlv'oi the letter sleeve. The sleeve 49 and the stem 50 carried by s supporting member 50 connected to the cover '33. The inner sleeve terminates et a point above the lower end of the sleeve member 3l so as to provide space for 'a suitable atomizer 5l, hereinafter more particularly described. The annuler spese between the stem 50 and the sleeve member 4:9 com,-

'municates with e chamber 52, which, in turn,

having e velve sost 535 which cooperetes with a valve 56 carried by thevslve stem 5G. Anysuitable packing is arranged eboutthe up per end of the valve stem 5i? to prevent leakege and such vulve stero is moved oy any suitable operating* mechanism in order that the valve moy be opened to supply etornized fuel to thegengine oylinderand closed to cut oil' such su ply.

- As the slve seat portion 31 ol the scovenge air valve is submitted to intense heat it is-desirable that the letter be Water cooled. The l cage member is, therefore, provided with a circumerentially-extending Watercooling spece 57 adiecent to the seat porvtion 3L It is desirable that the stem or sleeve 3s be water-cooled. in order to prevent possible cracking dissociation of oil shove the injection valve 56. To this endl show such stein provided with o longitudinal inlet passageway 58 communicating with s tube 58l leading tothe bottoni o'l -the stein ineinber' and communicating with o circumferentiallyextcnding passage the lutter pas sage having o diaphragm GO. Above the circumferential passage 59 is a second cir cumferentiel pessuge (Si and the laster communica-tes by Way of a portl' with the .nects the two circumferential passages and an outlet opening 63, through which the tube 58 preferably posses. It will, therefore, ie seen that Water enters the inlet passageway 58 and flows through the tube 58 to the'bob tom of the stem member, passes around the lower circumferential passage 59, then by way'o the port 6 1 enters the upper circumferential passage 6l, and passes in the reverse direction therein after which it discharged through the opening 68, which communicates with theannular space 65, the latter communicating with the discharge passage 66. The directions of low are indicated by the arrows in Fig. 8. This struc ture assures that cooling Water shall flow directly Ato the bottom of the stem or sleeve member construction34= to cool the portion thereof exposed to the combustion space. The arrangement of circuitous passagewsys provides continuous forced circulation of cooling Water at the lower end of the stem or sleeve member' Without the formation ofk stagnoot or dead s aces-or the cross flow of Water well above t ie bottoni of the stem.'

' Upon reference to Figure 3, it will be seen that the sleeve extension 36 of the scovengc 'valve 32 is provided with a bushing 69 which is slidable with respect to the interior sleeve 10U or stem member 34. The lower and contiguous edges of the bushing 69 and of the sleeve member 3e are beveled et 70 and 7l. respectively7 in order that carbon formations may be readily loosened at the lower end of .such bushing and the stem or sleeve member. ln addition to the scavenge and injection valves, l shoer the cage rovided' with su air starting valve 72 having a stem 78 extending through en air supply passage 74, the steml being normally forcedI upwardly by u spring 75 arranged Within the housing 76 in order to move the valve 72 toward its seat. Air under pressure is suppliedto the housing 76 in any suitable manner, the pressure of such oir' opening the valve 72 against the tension of the spring 75 for starting purposes.

Also,`.l provide another valve disposed letcrall3T oll the scavenge vulve which serves as relief valve, as a means for taking ir.- dicetor crds, and as e means for relieving the cylinders of pressure when the engine is heilig started. This vulve comprises ou upwardly opening vel've portion78 coopersting with a seat 79 arranged at the lower" cudd of the passage 80. `The valvev portion'A -78 is-oarried by a valve stem 81 which' ex`` tends up .hrough the passage 8D into s housl iigstructure 82 carried by thecover 33 and ,"lilhrough a cylinder 83 connected to the bonsmg structure.. Thehousing structure `82 in- 'cltides-a chamber 84 in connnunicatlen With the passage 80 and which has an upper valve seat 85. A passage 86 cdminunicates with the chamber 84 below the seat 85 and sach* passage is adapted to communicate either With the atmosphere or with suitable indicating' means. Above the valve seat 85 the housing structure-82 is provided with a cylinder 87 within which is located a iston 89 carried by the valve stem 81. YA. erger piston 90 is carried by the valve stein 81 and is arranged Within the cylinder 83. A spring 91 abuts at lower end against4 t-he upper side of the piston 90 and at its .upper end it is seated against a member 92 which in turn bears againstV the threaded' hub portion 93 of a'hand Wheel 94, the

' threaded hub portion engaging interior threads 95 at the upper end of the cylinder 83. Alpassage 96 is provided 'in thehniis'- ing structure 82 for supplying compressed air to vthe cylinder 83 below the piston 90.-

'As a safety' valve thestructure justde scribed operates as follows: Excess pressure from an engine cylinder acts against the exposed'bottom of the valve 7 8 and raises the latter againstthe force of the spring til, permitting pressure fluid to pass through they passageways 80 and 86 to the atmosphere. When the apparatus is operated to take indicating cards, the hand Wheel 94 is operated 'to raise 'the stem 81 by contact with vthe nut arranged thereabove until the valve member 98 carried by the stem end in the chamber. is seated vagainst the seat 85,

.whereupon vthere is free communication bs- -tvvcen the engine cylinder and the pressure responsive element of the indicator/device by Way of the passages 80 and 86. 1n order to relievepiessures yin cylinders when' the engine is started, compressed air may be supplied to the passageway 96 to 'ict on the lower face of the piston 90, thereby raising the valve 7 8 and permitting cylinder pressure 4to be relieved by Way of the passages -80` andv86, the latter passage communicatnais, ih

ing with the atmosphere.

'i Referring now Imore particularly to Ithe atoinizer structurefthis is shown 4more in detail in Figures/1,5 and 7, a modified form being shown in Figure 6. The atomizer at 51 preferably consists oa plurality of co axial sleeves 100 having helical :grooves or 101. As illustrated in Figure 5, the

slos he ical grooves or slots are preferably inclined in two directions so as to intersect and define diamond shaped projections 102. When asembled, the sleeves 100 Afit against each other so as to cover `the grooves or reby defining atoin'izerpassagel ways elow the sleeves 100, the interior ofv the depending sleeve or stein member :escaneo converges at 103 and a head or plug mem- `ber 101i seats against the interior converging Wall 103, the head or plug member being preferably provided with spiral grooves :105 covered lby the Wall 103 and which 'o crate as discharge passageways for t ev having its upper portion spaced itromthet Avalve stein 50 in order to-deiine a chamber.:v

100 in communication with the annular passageway between thestern 50 and the sleeve 49, the chamber 109-having the discharge openings 49 at the bottom thereof vas 'alc ready referred to. Adjacent to the sleeve members 100, the spacing sleeve 103is pro-` vided vvitli'ns 110 which rest on the nested sleeve.- The upper end of the spacing sleeve 108 contacts with a' sleeve member lll which extends upwardly Within' the interior o the hollowA depending sleeve or stem member 34 and contacts 'with a spring 112 seated against the member 50. The spring 112 acts 'to press the sleeve member ill` downwardly, the 'latter member acting through the spacing sleeve member 103 to v1:reep-'the atomizer sleeve 100 in place and the head memberlle iirmly seated.

y From the strnctiire' described, it will be apparenttliat 'fuel oil entersthe passageway 52 enters the chamber 52, and passes down .between the valve stein 50 and the sleeve L9 into the cbamber109 from which it passes by the openings i9j to/the space above the nested atomizer sleeves 100. injection air enters the passa-ge 53 and passes down 'be- 'tween the interior' -Wall of the dependiongF sleeve or siem member and the intermediate .sleeve member si?" to the space immediately above the nested atoinizer sleeves 100'. The air not only passageways of the nested sleeves but also serves to' drive oil through the o draw oilstvhich has collected in `the chamber 109'aiid between the stem 50 and the intermediate sleeve member 49. ln passing through the intersected spiral passagefways, the oil is very ,finely divided and mixed with the atomiaing air.` The process oi atomization, is furthermore assisted by the spiral groove 105 whereby the mixture isgi'ven a whirling eiiect immediately before being discharged into an engine cylinder. 1iVith this type .of ato-miser7 it lwill be apparent that fuel oil is caused to pass thro'uglitortuons passageways and to contact with surfaces exposed to 'the impact osi high velocity airso that airvand oil become thoroughly interinirigled and the oil is `very linelydivided.

In Figure 6, l show a modified i'orrn lof atoinizer at 51- consisting of superposed Leonesa channel rings 118 and 114 having staggered openingsl 115 and 115s. The channel rings 113 and 114 are supported by a head inember construction 104 in a manner already described and the uppermost channel mernber 113 hasrresting thereon a spacing mem-` ber 116 itting at its top against the lower end of a sleeve member 111il as hereinbefore referred to, and the spacing member 116 has openings 49 which aiiord, communication betvv'eenthel annular oil inlet passageway defined by the valve stem 5() and the intermediate sleeve member alb and the top of the atomizer at 51. rlibe spacing member 116 has 'a bottom portion 116 adapted to rest against the tops of theilanges of the uppermost channel ring` member 113 and 'it is provided with a channel portion 117 having apertures 118 in the bottom thereo vwhich afford communication between the channel 11'( and the uppermost channel ring .,113. With this type of construction. oil and air pass through staggered passageways and become thoroughly mined, after which the .mixture passes through grooves in the lhead or plug member 104C" and is discharged to an engine cylinderr in the manner already re- 'ferred to.

To facilitate construction of the stem member 34, I show' it made with a separable lower shell or cup member 34 threaded to the member 3l proper and having its lower end additionally supported' by a flange 54 'on the nipple 54:.

From the foregoing, it will be apparent thatI have devised a valve cage which is peculiarly suitable for an engine cylinder of the bottle-shaped type, such as disclosed and claimed in my application aforesaid7 having no valve opening or passages at the head end thereof7 all of the necessary valves includingithe scavenge air valve7 the fuel injection valve, the air starting valve, `and the safety relief, and indicator valve being carried by a unitary cage structure which is designed to t within the neck portion of a cylinder of this type. Furthermore, the :scavenge valve is so designed as to discharge an annular column of air Which is directed in .such a Way as to cooperate effec-- tively in cooling the interior flaring surface of the combustion. space. Also, the arrangement of cooling the valve seat for the scavenge valve and the provision of a stationary stem between the sleeve of the scavenge valve and the injection valve, such stem being adequately Water coo-led, provides for cooled valve seats and avoids -the possibility of cracking orv dissociation of oil above the injection valve. I I

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: 1

1. In an internal 'combustion engine having a cylinder, the combination of valve 'provided with an air 'co-axially with mecharsm for the cylinder ycomprising a hollow stein fixed with respect to the cylinder and havin its inner end fully exposed to the combustion space of the latter to provide a valve seat opening directly into the combustion space, a valve cooperating with said seat, a' single scavenge.valve seat coaxial `with respect to and spaced outwardly from said stem and opening directly into the combustion space of the cylinder7 and an annular scavenge valve having an vinner portion slidable externally of and on said stern' and having an outer portion provided only at its outer edge with an annular seat part for cooperation with said scavenge valve seit.Y

2. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder, the combination et valve mechenismfor the cylinder comprising a hollow stem which is stationary with respect 'to the cylind fully exposed to the combustion space to provide a valve seat opening directly into the combustion space, a valve cooperating with said seat, a single scavenge valve seat coaxial with respect to and spaced outwardly ofsaid stemland oneningfdirectly into the combustion spceloi the cy -nder, an annular scavengevvlvemeniber 'consisting of an innerportion slidable 'externally o' and on said stem and of a outer portion having an annular valve seatgrpart only at its louter edge for cooperation with said valve seat, and packing means arranged between said inner portion of the scavenge valve member and the stein.

3. In an engine, the combination of a cage body having an yair passage terminating in a valve seat at means fixed to the cage body and arranged coaxially with respect to tb valve seat and provided with air and fuel passageways and with a valve seat at its discharge end, a mixing device for air and. fuel arranged internally of said means and supplied with air and fuel from said passageways and arranged to discharge fuel mixture through sai seat, a valver surrounding and slidable on said means and cooperating with the iirst seat, and a. valve carried by said means and controlling the discharge of fuel iniziture through the second seat.

4. In an engine, the combination o a cage passage terminating in a valve seat at the lower end of the cage, a hollow stem lined tothe cage and arranged respect to said seat, a valve seat carried by the stern, a valve cooperating vvith the last-named seat, water-cooling means for the' hollowstem, and a'valve slidable externally of the stem and cooperating with the lirst-namedseatl' 5; In an engine, the combination of a caga provided with an air` passage terminating in a kvalve seat at the lower end of the cage,

er and having its .inner end y' the lower end of the cage,y

scavenge a valve seat at its'inner end circumferentially of the lower en a depending sleeve member fixed to the cage, and arranged co-axially with respect to said seat, a valve seat carried by the stem, a valve cooperating with said seat, means' for conducting1 cooling fluid to the lower end 'of thev stem, means for assurin the yfiow of iiuid received `from the con uctin means of the sleeve member, discharge means for 'the fluid, and a scaveige air valve surrounding the stem and; cooperating with the firstnamed seat.

6. In an engine, the combination of a cage provided with an air passage terminating in a valve seat at the lower end of the cage, a depending sleeve member fixed to the cage, a valve .seat carriedby the sleeve member, a valve cooperating with the valve seat, a lwater inlet passage extending longitu inally of the stein and terminating in a circumferential passage, having a partition therein, a second circumferential passage arranged above the first circumferential passage and communicating with the latter iat the side of the partition opposite tol the Water inlet passage, a partition in the second circumferentialv assage, a water out-` let passage extending ongitudinallyof the stein and communicating with 'the second circumferential passage at the side of the partition opposite to theinlet to said second circumferential passave, and 'a valve -surrounding the stem 'andD cooperating with` the first-named seat.

v 7 In an internal combustion en 'l' e hav-f ing a cylinder, the combination ofgnner and -outer sleeves fixed with respect to" he cylinder "and the inner end Vof the outer sleeve extending inwardly beyond the inner end ofthe inner sleeve and said inner end of the,

outer sleeve'terminating in a valve seat, a'

valve cooperating with supplying liquid fuel to inner sleeve,

said seatpmeans for thefinterior of; s aid meansy for supplying atomizing lair to the space between the sleeves, an atome y'izer arranged within .the outer sleeve be-v` tween the valve seat and the inner end of the inner sleeve, air chamber about the .outer sleeve a scavenge valve seat at the inner end'ofthechamber, and a scavenge valve having an inner portion slidably engaging said outer sleeve and having an outer valve portion cooperating with said seat.

V8. In an engine having a cylinder, the *combination of a hollow cage fixed to the cylinder and having a valve seat o ening into the combustion` space of the cy in'der, a bearing carried by the cage and arrangedy above the seat and coaxially of the latter, a hollow stem fixed to thecage and;` having lopening directof the cylinder, last-named seat,

ly into the combustion space a valve cooperating with the and a scavenge air valve means y'defining a e', cavengesurrounding the stein, fitting in the bearinga with the' first-named seat'.

I A-"'c'ooperating A v9. In an engine, the combination of alholf low cage having a valve seat at its lower end, a bearingabove the seat a-i'i'angedvco-axially With respect to the latter and connected to the cage by integral arms, a hollow stein carried by the cageand arranged co-axiallyv ofl i the bearing and of the seat, means for water-l cooling the lower end of tlie hollow` stein;

fuel injection means carried by the hollow stem,

and surrounding the stein, and means eooperating with the sleeve portionl of said' valve for opening andclosing the latten 10. In an engine, the combination" of aliol-` low cage member having a valve seat at' its lower end, inner and outcr sleeve members carried by the .cage and arrangcchco-a'xiallyof said seat, an atmizer carried bythe outer' 'below-the lower end of the and the outerv sleeve members defining an-.

nular passageways for conducting fuel-and a valve cooperating ujith'the seata'nd.v having a sleeve portion fitting in the bearing" air tothe atomizer, and a valve slidable externalll;7 of the` outer sleeve member and cooperating withthe 'first-named seat,

11. In an engine, the combination of a hollow cage having an fair inlet above its lower end and a valve seat at its lower end, said cage having a cover portion, a sleeve fixedto `the cover portion and.co-axially arranged witli respect yto said seat terminating in a fuel valve seat, a fuel injection `valve, cooperating -with said lfuel valve seat, said fuel injection valve having an operating thefsleeve above the cover portion,I a scavenge air valve surrounding the 'sleeveand adapted to cooperate with said seat, and o pei'ating means connectedto the scavenge air valve and extending" above the cover portion.

` 12. I member having a vfuel supply passage terin-` inatjng in a valve seat, a valve cooperating' with said seat, a `plurality of superposed,'

circiinifoi'cntially-extending, communicating cooling channels-in tlie'mciiib'er and disposed adJacent to said seat, means provided inthev i.

fliiid initiallpj member for supplying cooling to thev channel contiguous to the seat fo passage ciicumferentially through the-"past sages in sci-ics, and outlet meansprovideiil in n' an engine, the combination` of Aa stein extending through .Y

thev member and communicating with tln'iy final ciiciiiiiferciitial passage.'

13a. In an engine, a fuel tern'iinating in a valve seat, a cii'ciuiifei'cntial cooling space contiguous to said seat,

. valve'v comprising a member liavingan interior fuel passage Sages,

Ia. diaphragm for dividin the space into superposed. circumferentia y extending pas sage, means' for admitting cooling luid. ad-

jacent tofone side of said interrupting" means, interrupting means-in the upper passage, means for affording communication between the passages at the other side of the lower passageinterrupting means and at one side of the upper passagefinterrupting means', and outlet means for the upper passage 'communicating therewith,I at the other side of its interrupting means, j

14. In an engine, the combination of a ,water cooled stem having acentral :Enel supply passage terminating in a valve seat, a valve cooperating with said seat, a scavenge valve seat surroundin and spaced outwardly from said stem, an a scavenge valve having -an inner water cooled stem andan outer valve portion means for interrupting the lower pas-1 hollow portion shdable on the for cooperation vith" said scavenge valve seat, the lower end of said stem andthe lower interior end of said hollow portion v extendinfrspherical portion to a bearing portion in s idable engagement with respect to the exterior of said stem.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aix my signature this nineteenth clay of' February,

' ARTHUR JACKSON VVESl"e 

